Cobalt as a new energy material becomes a hot commodity in global exploration and investment as its demands are surging. Cobalt, rarely as an independent ore, coexists with copper, nickel and iron ore. Cobalt-bearing deposits can be classified as weathering laterite nickel\|cobalt deposit, sedimentary sand copper-cobalt deposit, magmatic copper-nickel-cobalt sulfides deposit and geothermal cobalt deposit. Cobalt resources are not even distributing globally; 80% of explored reserves are concentrating in Congo, Australia, Cuba, Zambia, Philippines, Canada and Russia. Much cobalt resources are hosted in the ocean floor. China is a big cobalt producer and consumer, but lacks cobalt resources with dependence upon exports. Central Africa, Oceania, northern Latin America, south-eastern Asia and North America are of big potential for cobalt exploration. China shall focus on such areas to acquire overseas high-quality cobalt resources so as to increase reserves and guarantee supplies. 

It is of significance to study the global demand for chrome resource for Chinas even worlds chrome resource development and chrome mining investment. This paper, based on worlds chrome reserve, distribution and consumption, predicts its future demand according to the global stainless steel demand. The total chrome resource is over 12 billion tons in the world, but not even in distribution, mainly in South Africa, Kazakhstan and Zimbabwe. Chrome is chiefly used for making stainless steel, so stainless steel production is closely related to the demand of Chrome. Recently Chinas stainless steel has stepped into a stable adjusting period after a fast growth. Stainless steel will be 22×106 t in 2020, so the chrome consumption will accordingly be increased. This paper forecasts a rising demand for chrome, mainly concentrating in Asias market, most in China.

This paper, according to the history of Chinese capital in Africas mining, analyzes its actuality from investing countries, investing ownership and investing domain. Africa possesses abundance of mineral resources, attracting vast investors, including many Chinese investors, who most concentrating in the south of the equator and in the coast. Most investors are stateowned enterprises, less are private. Their investments are chiefly focusing on mining and production, and secondarily on transferring technology and equipment. Investing domains are limited by different factors. Their investments are correlated. This paper presents suggestions for Chinese investors from investment environment, avoid of blindness, focusing a mutual development between stateowned enterprises and private capitals, exerting the importance of private capitals, developing the backend projects of mining chain to avoid risks and to maximize benefits.

This paper, based onevaluation index system of urban infrastructure and urban data 2003—2012, usesvariation coefficient, weighted averagemethods to evaluate Gansu's 14 cities'urban infrastructure level. Their infrastructure developing level varies, displayingan outstanding regional variation, best in Hexi area, andthen Longdong area, poor in the central area, worst in southernGansu. As time goes on, the regional variation will become mitigated. Most urbaninfrastructures have constraints and are imbalanced in development.

China's nuclear power is developing a fast pace, which needs more uranium resources. This paper, based on authority and MEG's latest data, introduces the exploration and development situation of global uranium resources, and discusses China's future uranium exploration, demand & supply and nuclear power trend, analyzes several countriesuranium resources and mining investment environment as China's “going overseas” strategy. They can be divided into 3 categories, prior, subprior and inferior investment country, which can increase Chinese uranium enterprises profits and efficiency in “going overseas”.

Based on the 6th census and social & economic data, this paper applies classic field theory to study the relation between Gansus population, society and economy, which is visualized through ArcGIS 93, and uses the principal component analysis and regression analysis to evaluate the coordinated development status of population, society and economy. Population and economy fields strong in field effect are still strong in their comprehensive effect if overlapped, vice versa. From 1980—2000, Gansus population, economy and society were in coordination, turned to basic coordination since 2000, and changed to critical in 2010. Jinchang, Baiyin, Pingliang, Longnan, Linxia, and Gannan are in coordination, while other areas are in basic coordination.

Classification of crude oil families can be used to determine the relation with the source rock and to indicate the oil source,and also provides key information for exploration and resources assessment.This paper uses GC-MS to analyze the Paleozoic oil seepage and solid bitumen samples from the southern Guizhou Depression in their biological markers,and studies their characteristics of geochemistry and carbon isotope.Two families are classified,belonging to Ordovician and Silurian/Permian respectively.They are different in DBT/P,C21TT/C23TT,C24FT/C26TT,C30diaH/C30H,C27-C28-C29 sterane distribution and stable carbon isotope,which is contributed by different sources,combined with geological settings.The Ordovician and Silurian oil seepage and bitumen is identical with the lower Cambrian source rock in geochemistry,but the Permian samples may come from the lower Permian source rock or mixture.

Yangyun town is a place where debris flow frequently happens in Gaizhou city and suffers from economic loss. This paper, based on the debris flow happened in July, 1981, studies the debris flow accumulation, terrain and vegetation, analyzes the features and conditions of debris flow. This study indicates that this debris flow is derived from flooding, large, accumulating coarse gravels, poor sorting and roundness. Materials are from the nearby mountain, weathered granite. Debris flow most occurs in the rainstorm seasons in July to August, follows along steep and deep valleys and accumulates in the valley mouth. The rainstorm is an evocator for this debris flow.

Circular economy is the only way to sustainable development of resources-based cities. This paper, based on DEA model, incorporates the resources comprehensive utilization and wastes circular utilization into the evaluation system, establishes DEA model in circular economy, which is applied in 9 resources-based cities, Harbin, Jixi, Hegang, Shuangyashan, Daqing, Qitaihe, Mudanjiang, Heihe and Daxing^，anling to evaluate the relative effectivity and technical effectivity in circular economy with suggestions. Harbin, Daqing and Daxinganling are developing well in circular economy, Mudanjiang and Heihe are at a junior stage with technical effectivity but decreasing benefits, and the other four cities are lagging which is an obstacle in Heilongjiang^，s circular economy.

The results of the magnetic susceptibility of the Qidingshan loess varies in a range of 5.21×10^-8m³ kg^-1 to 42.42×10^-8m³ kg^-1, which is much lower than in other localities. The vertical changes of magnetic susceptibility and grain have a positive relation. The magnetic minerals are mainly focused on over 8ф in grain size. A comparison in Oxide isotope indicates that Qds20—Qds28 is consistent with the 3rd section of Guliya ice core and with abyssal 3a, 3b and 3c sub-section in fluctuation, and that Qds28—Qds31 is analogous with the 2nd section of Guliya ice core and with abyssal 2nd section. The study reveals during 60 to 22 ka BP the Malan loess sedimentation period is generally dry and cold with an interim warm and wet climate.

Oceanic oil-gas exploration has two difficulties, the risk of the hidden oil-gas reservoir and high cost. This paper, from a oil-gas comprehensive study, presents an iterative method to optimize the exploration procedures, to enhance the geology, to insist on the applied reservoir sedimentology, and discusses the application, technologies and methods of the reservoir sedimentology and it guidance in the oceanic oil-gas exploration, providing a reference for highly efficient exploration in oceanic hidden oil-gas reservoir.

A high solution analysis was carried out on loess particle at Qidingshan through screen method via SA-CP3 (a granularity analysis instrument made in Japan) and TL chronology, with the results that the loess granularity is dominantly coarse, coarse silt 4~6φ about 26.39~48.33%, a less clay (0.05~2.44%). At Malan, the loess granularity concentrates on two grades, 2~4φand 4~6φ, with coarse silt slightly more than fine sand. At Lishi, the loess granularity is dominantly 4~6φ. This paper, based on a comprehensive statistical analysis on sediment granularity parameters, indicates that there has been a big difference with inland winding loess since the middle Pleistocene. The loess sediment in Qidingshan is derived primary from a nearby source and secondarily from far source.